| Basic Ingredient Substitutions | ||
| Ingredient | Amount | Substitutes |
| Allspice | 1 tsp | ½ tsp cinnamon + ½ tsp ground cloves |
| Baking Powder | 1 tsp | ½ tsp baking soda + ½ tsp cream of tartar |
| Baking Soda | 1 tsp | 3 tsp baking powder |
| Barbeque Sauce | 1 cup | ¾ cup ketchup + 2 tbsp mustard + 2 tbsp brown sugar |
| Butter | 1 cup | margarine, vegetable shortening (for baking), oil, coconut oil, nut butter, applesauce, mashed banana, mashed avocado |
| Buttermilk | 1 cup | 1 cup milk + 1 tbsp lemon juice |
| Chocolate, unsweetened | 1 ounce | 3 tbsp cocoa + 1 tbsp butter or margarine or vegetable oil |
| Cornstarch (for thickening) | 1 tbsp | 2 tbsp flour or 1 tbsp instant mashed potatoes |
| Cream | 1 cup | 1 cup milk + 1 tbsp butter |
| Eggs | 1 | ½ mashed banana or applesauce |
| Flour, cake | 1 cup | 1 cup minus 2 tbsp all-purpose flour |
| Flour, self-rising | 1 cup | 1 cup minus 2 tsp all-purpose flour + 1½ tsp baking powder + ½ tsp salt |
| Herbs, fresh | 1 tbsp, finely cut | 1 tsp dried leaf herbs, ½ tsp ground dried herbs |
| Ketchup (for cooking) | 1 cup | 1 cup tomato sauce, ½ cup sugar, and 2 tbsp vinegar |
| Lemon Zest (fresh grated) | 1 tsp | ½ tsp lemon extract |
| Milk | 1 cup | ½ cup evaporated milk |
| Sour cream | 1 cup | 1 cup plain yogurt |
| Soy sauce | 1 tbsp | 1 tbsp tamari |
| Sugar | 1 cup | 1 cup coconut sugar |
| Sugar, brown | 1 cup | 1 cup sugar + 1 tbsp molasses |
| Tomato Juice | 1 cup | 1 ½ cup tomato sauce + ½ cup water |
| Wine, red | any amount | same amount of grape juice or cranberry juice |
| Wine, white | any amount | same amount of apple juice or white grape juice |
| Yeast, compressed | 2/3 oz | 1 package (¼ oz) active dry yeast, 2 ¼ tsp active dry yeast |
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